证明题(1932年北京大学

直角三角形之斜边上所画之正三角形之面积,等于其余两边上所画之正三角形之面积之和.

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There are 4n pebbles of weights 1,2,3,…,4n. Each pebble is coloured in one of n colours and there are four pebbles of each colour. Show that we can arrange the pebbles into two piles so that the following two conditions are both satisfied:● The total weights of both piles are the same.● Each pile contains two pebbles of each colour.有 4n 枚石子,重量分别为 1 , 2 , 3 , … , 4n .每一枚小石子都染了n种颜色之一,使得每种颜色的小石子恰有四枚.证明:可以把这些小石子分成两堆,且满足以下两个条件:● 两堆小石子的总重量相同;● 每堆中每种颜色的小石子各有两枚.(匈牙利供题)

如图,小圆圈表示网络的结点,结点之间的连线表示它们有网线相连.连线标注的数字表示该段网线单位时间内可以通过的最大信息量.现从结点A向结点B传递信息,信息可以分开沿不同的路线同时传递,则单位时间内传递的最大信息量为【 】

圆Γ的圆心为I.凸四边形ABCD满足:线段AB,BC,CD和DA都与Γ相切.设Ω是三角形AIC的外接圆. BA往A方向的延长线交Ω于点X,BC往C方向的延长线交Ω于点Z,AD往D方向的延长线交Ω于点Y,CD往D方向的延长线交Ω于点T.证明:AD+DT+TX+XA=CD+DY+YZ+ZC.

如图,AB是⊙O的直径,CB是⊙O的切线,切点为B,OC平行于弦AD.求证:DC是⊙O的切线.

已知:如图,MN为圆的直径,P、C为圆上两点,连PM、PN,过C作MN的垂线与MN、MP和NP的延长线依次相交于A、B、D,求证:AC2=AB·AD.

有一个圆内接三角形ABC,∠A的平分线交BC于D,交外接圆于E,求证:AD·AE=AC·AB.

如图所示,O是△ABC的内心,∠BOC=100°,则∠BAC=______度.

沈括的《梦溪笔谈》是中国古代科技史上的杰作,其中收录了计算圆弧长度的“会圆术”.如图,(AB) ̂是以O为圆心,OA为半径的圆弧,C是AB的中点,D在(AB) ̂上,CD⊥AB.“会圆术”给出(AB) ̂的弧长的近似值s的计算公式:s=AB+CD2/OA.当OA=2,∠AOB=60°时,s=【 】

Let n be a positive integer. A“Northern European Square Matrix (NESM) is an n×n square containing all the integers from 1 to n²,so that there is exactly one number in each grid.The two different grids are neighbours if they share a common edge.A grid is called a "valley”if the integer in it in smaller than the integers in all the neighbours of the grid. An "uphill path”is a sequence containing one or more grids satisfying:(i)the frist grid of the sequence is a valley,(ii) each subsequent grid in the sequence is the neighbour of its previous grid,(iii) the integers in the girds of the sequence is incremented.Figure out the minimum possible value of the number of uphill paths in a NESM which should be represented by a function of n.译文:令n为一个正整数,一个“北欧方阵”是一个包含1至n²所有整数的n×n的方格表,使得每个方格中恰有一个数字。两个相异方格如果有公共边,称它们是相邻的。如果一个方格内的数字比所有相邻方格内的数字都小,称其为“山谷”。一条“上坡路径”是一个包含一或多个方格的序列,满足:(1)序列的第一个方格是山谷;(2)序列中随后的每个方格都和前一个方格相邻;(3)序列中方格所写的数字递增。试求一个北欧方阵中山坡路径的最小可能值,以n的函数表示之。

设一圆之半径为 25 尺,其外切四边形之圆界为 400 尺,试求此四边形之面积。